Understanding Sciatica
Sciatica is a nerve-related pain that usually begins in the lower back and radiates through the hip and down one leg. It occurs when the sciatic nerve, the body’s longest nerve, becomes irritated or compressed. This nerve runs from the lower spine, branches through the buttocks, and extends to the feet.
Common Causes
- Herniated or slipped disc pressing on the nerve.
- Bone spurs forming on the spine.
- Spinal stenosis narrowing the spinal canal.
- Muscle spasms or injury affecting nerve roots.
Recognizing Symptoms
People with sciatica often describe the pain as sharp, burning, or shooting. It might alternate between the legs or remain on one side. In some cases, tingling, weakness, or numbness can occur in the affected limb, extending to the toes.
“Sciatica is not a condition itself—it’s a symptom of an underlying issue,” explains pain management specialists.
Pain can intensify when standing for long periods, sitting, or during sudden movements like coughing or sneezing.
Treatment Options
For most people, mild sciatica improves with rest, stretching, and over-the-counter medication. More persistent cases may require physical therapy or steroid injections to reduce inflammation and pressure on the nerve. Only severe situations involving nerve damage or loss of bladder control may need surgical intervention.
Preventing Future Pain
Regular exercise that strengthens core and back muscles can reduce the risk of recurrence. Practicing proper posture when sitting or lifting heavy objects also helps protect the spine from pressure that could lead to nerve compression.
Author Summary: Sciatica results from irritation of the lower spinal nerve, causing radiating leg pain that often eases with conservative care such as stretching, rest, and posture correction.
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